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 Power Transmission, Distribution And Plants
 Fossil-fueled Power Plants
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The Biology of Replicative Senescence
Authors:
Campisi, J.
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| Abstract: Most cells cannot divide indefinitely due to a processtermed cellular or replicative senescence. Replicative senescence appearsto be a fundamental feature of somatic cells, with the exception of mosttumour cells and possibly certain stem cells. How do cells sense thenumber of divisions they have completed? Although it has not yet beencritically tested, the telomere shortening hypothesis is currentlyperhaps the best explanation for a cell division 'counting' mechanism.Why do cells irreversibly cease proliferation after completing a finitenumber of divisions? It is now known that replicative senescence altersthe expression of a few crucial growth-regulatory genes. It is not knownhow these changes in growth-regulatory gene expression are related totelomere shortening in higher eukaryotes. However, lower eukaryotes haveprovided several plausible mechanisms. Finally, what are thephysiological consequences of replicative senescence? Several lines ofevidence suggest that, at least in human cells, replicative senescence isa powerful tumour suppressive mechanism. There is also indirect evidencethat replicative senescence contributes to ageing. Taken together,current findings suggest that, at least in mammals, replicativesenescence may have evolved to curtail tumorigenesis, but may also havethe unselected effect of contributing to age-related pathologies,including cancer. |
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| Publication Date: |
04 Dec 1996
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| Report numbers: |
LBNL--39967
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| DOE Contract number: |
DE-AC02-05CH11231
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| Resource Type: |
Journal Article
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| Resource Relation: |
Journal: European Journal of Cancer; Journal Volume: 33; Journal Issue: 5; Related Information: Journal Publication Date: 04/1997
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| Research Organizations: |
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley NationalLaboratory, Berkeley, CA (US)
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| Sponsoring Organizations: |
USDOE Director, Office of Science
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| Country of Publication: |
United States
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| Language: |
English
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Keywords relating to this report: 